CFM Cardiology Practice Test

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Valvular Heart Disease is best defined as:

Inflammation of the heart muscle.

Abnormalities in the heart's valves, such as stenosis or regurgitation, impairing blood flow.

Valvular Heart Disease refers to problems with the heart valves themselves that disrupt the normal one-way flow of blood. When a valve becomes narrowed (stenosis), the opening is smaller, forcing the heart to work harder to push blood through and often reducing forward flow. When a valve leaks (regurgitation), blood flows backward during pumping, which wastes energy and increases the volume load on the chambers. These valve abnormalities impair how efficiently the heart can circulate blood, which is the defining feature of valvular heart disease.

Inflammation of the heart muscle is myocarditis, not a valve problem. Blockage of the coronary arteries causes ischemic heart disease, affecting blood supply to the heart muscle. An irregular heart rhythm describes an arrhythmia.

Blockage of the coronary arteries.

Irregular heart rhythm.